● Ixhala lichaphazela izigidi zabantu ehlabathini lonke.
● Unyango lwengxaki yokuxhalaba luquka amayeza nonyango lwengqondo.Nangona lusebenza, olu khetho lusenokungasoloko lufikeleleka okanye lufanelekile kwabanye abantu.
● Ubungqina bokuqala bubonisa ukuba ukucinga kunokunciphisa iimpawu zokuxhalaba.Nangona kunjalo, alukho uphando oluye lwavavanya ukuba ukusebenza kwalo kuthelekiswa njani namayeza okudakumba asetyenziselwa ukunyanga ukuphazamiseka koxinzelelo.
● Ngoku, isifundo sokuqala sohlobo lwayo luye lwafumanisa ukuba ukucutha ukunyanzeliswa kwengqondo (MBSR) "isebenza ngokufanelekileyo" njenge-escitalopram ye-antidepressant yokunciphisa iimpawu zokuxhalaba.
● Abaphandi bacetyisa ukuba iziphumo zabo zibonelela ngobungqina bokuba i-MBSR yonyango olunyamezelekileyo kunye nolusebenzayo lweengxaki zokukhathazeka.
● Ukuxhalabayimvakalelo yendalo ebangelwa luloyiko okanye amaxhala malunga nengozi ecingelwayo.Nangona kunjalo, xa uxhalaba lunzima kwaye luphazamisa ukusebenza kwemihla ngemihla, lunokuthi luhlangabezane neendlela zokuxilongaukuphazamiseka kokuxhalaba.
● Iinkcukacha zibonisa ukuba ukuphazamiseka kokuxhalaba kuye kwachaphazeleka301 yezigidiabantu kwihlabathi liphela ngo-2019.
● Ukunyanga ixhalaziqukaamayezakunye nonyango lwengqondo, njengeUnyango lokuziphatha kwengqondo (CBT).Nangona zisebenza kakuhle, abanye abantu basenokungakhululeki okanye bangakwazi ukufikelela kolu khetho-bashiya abantu abathile abaphila nexhala befuna ezinye iindlela.
● Ngokuka a2021 uphononongo lophando, ubungqina bokuqala bubonisa ukuba ukucinga - ngokukodwa unyango olusekelwe kwingqondo (MBCT) kunye nokunciphisa uxinzelelo lwengqondo (MBSR) - lunokuchaphazela ngokufanelekileyo ukuxhalaba nokudandatheka.
● Sekunjalo, akucaci enoba unyango olusekelwe engqondweni lusebenza njengamayeza okunyanga ixhala.
● Ngoku, uvavanyo olutsha lweklinikhi (RCT) oluvela kwiZiko lezoNyango lweYunivesithi yaseGeorgetown lufumene ukuba inkqubo ye-MBSR yeeveki ezi-8 yayisebenza kakuhle ekunciphiseni ukuxhalaba njengoko.i-escitalopram(igama lebrand Lexapro) - iyeza eliqhelekileyo lokudakumba.
● "Olu luphononongo lokuqala lokuthelekisa i-MBSR kunye neyeza lokunyangwa kweengxaki zokukhathazeka," umbhali wokufundaUGqr. Elizabeth Hoge, umlawuli weNkqubo yoPhando lweZiphazamiso zokuxhalabisa kunye noprofesa onxulumene nengqondo kwiZiko lezoNyango leYunivesithi yaseGeorgetown, eWashington, DC, uxelele i-Medical News Today.
● Uphononongo lwapapashwa ngoNovemba 9 kwijenaliJAMA Psychiatry.
Ukuthelekisa i-MBSR kunye ne-escitalopram (Lexapro)
Izazinzulu ezivela kwiZiko lezoNyango leYunivesithi yaseGeorgetown zaqesha abathathi-nxaxheba abangama-276 phakathi kukaJuni ka-2018 noFebruwari 2020 ukuba baqhube ulingo lwezonyango olungenamkhethe.
Abathathi-nxaxheba babeneminyaka eli-18 ukuya kwengama-75 ubudala, ngokomyinge weminyaka engama-33 ubudala.Ngaphambi kokuqala kophononongo, kwafunyaniswa ukuba banenye yezi ngxaki zilandelayo zoxinzelelo:
Ingxaki yokukhathazeka ngokubanzi (GAD)
ukuphazamiseka kokukhathazeka kwezentlalo (SASD)
Iqela lophando lisebenzise isikali sovavanyo esiqinisekisiweyo ukulinganisa iimpawu zokuxhalaba komthathi-nxaxheba ekuqeshweni kwaye zahlula zibe ngamaqela amabini.Elinye iqela lathatha i-escitalopram, kwaye elinye lithatha inxaxheba kwiprogram ye-MBSR.
"I-MBSR iyona ndlela yokungenelela kwengqondo efundwa kakhulu kwaye ilinganiswe kwaye ivavanywe ngokucokisekileyo ngeziphumo ezilungileyo," uDkt Hoge wachaza.
Xa uvavanyo lweveki ye-8 luphelile, abathathi-nxaxheba be-102 bagqiba inkqubo ye-MBSR, kwaye i-106 yathatha iyeza njengoko iyalelwe.
Emva kokuba iqela lophando liphinde laphonononga iimpawu zokuxhalaba komthathi-nxaxheba, bafumanisa ukuba omabini amaqela afumana ukuncipha okumalunga ne-30% kubunzima beempawu zabo.
Ukuqwalasela iziphumo zabo, ababhali bokufunda bacebisa ukuba i-MBSR iyindlela yonyango enyamezelwe kakuhle kunye nokusebenza okufanayo kunye neyeza eliqhelekileyo elisetyenziselwa ukuphazamiseka kwexhala.
Kutheni i-MBSR yayisebenza kakuhle ekuphatheni ixhala?
Uphononongo lwangaphambili luka-2021 lwexesha elide Umthombo oThembekileyo wafumanisa ukuba ukucinga kwaxela kwangaphambili amanqanaba asezantsi oxinzelelo, ixhala, kunye nokuphazamiseka kwentlalo kubantu abasebenza kumagumbi kaxakeka.Ezi ziphumo zilungileyo zazinamandla kakhulu kwixhala, zilandelwa luxinzelelo kunye nokuphazamiseka kwentlalo.
Nangona kunjalo, akukacaci ukuba kutheni ukuba nengqiqo kusebenza ekunciphiseni ixhala.
"Sicinga ukuba i-MBSR inokuthi incedise ngokuxhalaba ngenxa yokuba ukuphazamiseka kokuxhalaba kudla ngokubonakaliswa yingxaki yokucinga ngokwengqondo efana nokukhathazeka, kunye nokucamngca kwengqondo kunceda abantu bafumane iingcamango zabo ngendlela eyahlukileyo," kusho uDkt Hoge.
Ngamanye amazwi, ukuziqhelanisa nokukhumbula kunceda abantu babone iingcinga njengengcinga kwaye bangadibanisi nabo okanye bonganyelwe zizo.
I-MBSR vs. nezinye iindlela zokucinga
I-MBSR ayisiyiyo yodwa indlela yokucinga esetyenziswa kunyango.Ezinye iintlobo ziquka:
Unyango olusekelwe kwingqondo (MBCT): Ngokufana ne-MBSR, le ndlela isebenzisa isakhiwo esisisiseko esifanayo kodwa igxininise kwiindlela zokucinga ezingalunganga ezinxulumene nokudakumba.
Unyango lwe-Dialectal behavior therapy (DBT): Olu hlobo lufundisa ukunyamekela, ukunyamezela uxinzelelo, ukusebenza kakuhle phakathi kwabantu, kunye nokulawulwa kweemvakalelo.
Ukwamkela kunye nonyango lokuzibophelela (UMTHETHO): Olu ngenelelo lujolise ekwandiseni ukuguquguquka kwengqondo ngokwamkelwa kunye nokucinga okudityaniswa nokuzibophelela kunye nezicwangciso zokuguqula ukuziphatha.
UPeggy Loo, Ph.D., ugqirha wengqondo onelayisenisi kwisiXeko saseNew York kunye nomlawuli kwiManhattan Therapy Collective, uxelele i-MNT:
"Zininzi iintlobo zongenelelo lokukhumbula ukuxhalaba, kodwa ndihlala ndisebenzisa ezo zinceda umntu ukuba agxile ekuphefumleni nasemzimbeni wakhe ukuze athobe kwaye emva koko alawule ixhala labo ngempumelelo.Ndikwahlula ukuqaphela kwiindlela zokuphumla kunye nezigulana zam zonyango. "
ULoo uchaze ukuba ukuba nenkathalo kusisandulela sokujongana noxinzelelo ngokusebenzisa iindlela zokuphumla “kuba ukuba awuyazi indlela ixhala elikuchaphazela ngayo, awuzukuphendula luncedo.”
Ixesha lokuposa: Nov-11-2022